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(No Model.) 6 sheets-sheet 1. H. J. DURGIN.

V MACHINE FORCH'ANNELING TABLE LEGS. No. 284,193.

Patented Sept. 4, 1883;

N.PETERS. mm-Lnm n w. Walhinglom u. c

6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

' H. J. DURGIN. M AUHINE FOR GHANNELING TABLE LEGS.

Patented Sept. 4, 1883;v

In vcno r: f6 lhu w.

N4 PETERS. Phalolilhngnphur. Washingmn. 0.0.

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet; 3.

. H. J. DURG-IN.

MACHINE FOR GHANNBLING TABLE LEGS. No. 284,193. Patented Sept. 4, 1883.

1 2 137 30 amass: 2% O-Z V -fi M- Y (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 4.

H. J. DURGIN. 4 MACHINE PORGHANNELING TABLE LEGS.

No. 284,193. Patented Sept/l, 1883.

Fiji 7 w 4s m d'tkEJ' I71 zrenearr 6 Q YZ Ma/M/ I;

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

H. J DURGIN. MACHINE FORGHANNBLING TABLE LEGS. No. 284,193. PateptedSept. 4, 1883.

M MM W 15; CL fi/zww V 6 a.

N. PETERS. Fholn-Ulhngmpher. Washinglml. D c.

6 Sheets-Sheet 6..

v H. J. DURGIN. MACHINE FOR GHANN-BLING TABLE LEGS.

(No Model.)

Patented Sept. 4:,f1 883.

3 Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State. of New York, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Machines for ChannelingTable-Legs, which improvementis fully set UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

HENRY J. Duncan, or ROCHESTER, NEW YonK..

, MACHINE. FOR CHANNELIVNG TABLE-LEGS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 284,193, datedSeptember 4, 1883. j

' Application filed April 18, 1883. {No model.)

To all whom it flea/y concern:

Be it known thatI, HENRY J. DURGIN, of

forth in the following specification andaccomf panying drawings.

The object of my invention is to produce a machine that willautomatically form spiral beads or channels on tablelegs previouslyturned, such as shown in Fig. 12, Sheet 3; and

y it consists in parts and devices combined and arranged substantiallyas shown inthe drawings and hereinafter fully described. the same beingmore particularly pointed out; in the claims. I

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a plan of some of thelower parts of my newly-invented channeling-machine, showing thevertical corner posts horizontally sectioned at a point near the upperring of the bed, a part of the said ring being broken away to uncoverthe lower or base ring, many parts being omitted for the purpose ofclearness; Fig. 2, Sheet 2, an elevation of the same, being a sidegeneral view of the machine, viewed as indicated by arrow as in Fig.1,with parts omitted, parts being sectioned and broken away, other partsshown in full-line and dotted positions, and a part in perspective; Fig.3, Sheet 3, an elevation of a part of the frame and other partsconnected therewith, viewed as indicated by arrows y in Figs. land 2,several parts shown'iin full-line and dotted positions; Fig. 4, Sheet 1,a plan of the upper parts of the machine, viewed as indicated by arrowzin Fig. 2, and from the same point in which Fig. lis viewed, with partsbroken away and other parts shown in full-line and dotted positions,'theparts beneath (shown in Fig. 1) being omitted; Fig. 5, Sheet 4,; afrontelevation of the fixed vertical frame secured to the upper ring of thebed, viewed as indicated by arrow as in Fig. 1, many of :the attachedparts being shown,some of which are sectioned or broken away and shownoccupying full-line and dotted positions, many parts being omitted forthe purpose of clearness; Fig; 6, 'a plan of the vertical frame and partof the upper ring, with most of the parts shown in Fig. 5, all viewed asindicated by arrow y i in said latter figure, parts being broken awayand many adjacent parts of the machine omit ted forthe sake ofclearness, the view taken of the parts being the same as that of theparts shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 7, an end view of the vertical frame andparts attached, view taken as indicated by'arrows z in Fig. 5 and g inFig. 1; Fig. 8, aview of the opposite end of 60 the vertical frame andparts connected therewith, the same viewed as indicated by arrows 1 617111 Fig. 5 and 2 in Fig. 1; Fig. 9, Sheet 5,

a rear elevation of the vertical frame, viewed in an opposite directionfrom that in which Fig. 5 is seen, or in the direction indicated byarrow 3 in Fig. 1, showing some of the parts attached thereat, someparts being shown in full line and dotted positions, other parts shownin. dotted position only, many parts being omitted for the purpose. ofclearness, and parts broken and sectioned; Fig. 10, a similar view ofthe vertical frame, showing other parts attachedthereto, some of whichparts being shown in full-line and dotted positions, and parts brokenaway and other parts omitted; Fig. 11, a'plan of the main parts shown inFigs. 9 and 10, the vertical frame and other parts shown as beingcentrally and longitudinally sectioned on the dotted line a. in Fig. 9,with standard and bell-crank horizontally sectioned on the dotted lineas in Fig. 10, parts being broken away and other parts shown in dottedlines with parts omitted; Fig. 12, Sheet 3, an outline elevation of atable-leg, showing the spiral grooves to be formed by the machine hereindescribed; Fig. 13, Sheet 1, a vertical cross-section of the upper ringand base ring, taken on the dotted line 00 in Fig. 1, showing the formof said rings, a clamping-bolt to hold the same together being shown inplace; Fig. 14, Sheet 6, a front elevation of the vertical frame,beingthe sameview of saidpartasshowninFig. 5 with various attached partsnot shown in said latter figure, some of the parts beingbroken andvertically and centrally sectioned, and other parts shown in full-lineand dotted positions; Fig. 15, a view of some of the same parts, viewedas indicated by arrow 2 in Fig. 14, with parts broken and other partsshown in dotted lines; Fig. 16, a view of some of the parts shown inFig.14, viewed as indicated by arrow y in the same, showing the tray forneled, with the relative position of the cutter- 7 head, the table-legbeing shown in dotted lines;

Fig. 17, aplan of the circular shifter, viewed as indicated by arrows zin Fig. 14 and 3 in Fig. 8, Sheet 4, with upper parts omitted todisclose the interior, the vertical shaft horizontally sectioned and apart shown in dotted position; Fig. 18, aside elevation of the shifter,viewed as indicated by arrow z" in Fig. 17, or in an opposite directionfrom that in which the same parts are seen in Fig. 8, parts sectionedandbroken and other parts shown in full-line and dotted positions. Fig.19 shows the independent oppositelyrotating cutterheads, drawn in simpleform with knives attached; and Fig. 20, a cross-section of thetable-leg, taken on the dotted line so in Fig. 12,

and viewed as indicated by arrow in said figure.' Figs. 12, 17, 18, 19,and 20 are drawn to various scales larger than those followed in makingthe other figures of the drawings. 4 Figs. '1, 4, 6, 11, 16, and 17 areviewed from the same point of observation.

In manufacturing the table-legs to be channeled by this machine they arefirst turned in a lathe in the usual manner, the member I) at the middlethereof being left a slightly tapering blank, as .shown in Fig. 14,Sheet 6, upon which to receive the spiral channels 0. (Shown in Fig. 12,Sheet 3.) The cutter-head for forming the channels I prefer to constructso as to form a channel complete while passing over the leg from one endof the blank to the other.

By observing Fig. 19, Sheet 6, in connect-ion with Fig. 12, it will beseen that if the rotating cutter-head A were a single piece carrying theknives b b in the same direction, while cutting a channel in the leg,one knife would cut favorably with the grain of the wood, while theother would out against the grain and be liable to tear out the wood andleave one side of the bead rough, which would afterward require muchsmoothing with sand-paperthat is to say, if the parallel longitudinallines a a rep resent the grain of the timber, and'the head were to turnso as to pass the wood in the direction indicated by the arrow (4, thecutters would leave the wood smooth at a, but rough on the side a of thechannel, while if the direction of the rotation of the head werereversed, so as to move in the direction indicated by arrow a, the woodat a would be smoothly cut and at a it would be left rough. To over.

I come this difficulty, I divide the cutter-head transversely, as if bya plane at right angles to the axis of its motion, (indicated by thedotted line 0' in Fig. 19, Sheet 6,) and rotatethe severed parts ordisks f f in opposite directions, as indicated byarrows in Figs. 19 and1'. These separate disks I run in close proximity, as shown, or in theplaces they would occupy were they together a single head, they beingseparated by a space that would be occupied by only a thin sheet ofpaper, and they are run independently on horizontal arbors d d, Fig. 1,inthe usual manner, said arbors resting in jourrial-boxes.oflthe-saddles B B, which saddles are suitably secured tohorizontal timbers of the frame 0. The arbors are rotated by belts uponthe respective pulleys D D, leading from a convenientdriving-shaftbeneath the floor, said arbors being supplied with ordinarysimple means for delicate longitudinal adjustment, for the purpose ofbringing the cutter-heads exceedingly close together without having themtouch each other and produce friction. \Vhen the disks are thus locatedabreast, they co-operate together to finish a channel in the work as thelatter is carried against them by the sliding carriage, coming out atthe end of the cuts simultaneously.

I prefer to form six spiral channels in aleg, leaving six raised beads,as shown. This is effected by carrying the leg horizontally over thecutters and back three times in succession, a channel being formed ateach passage of the leg over the cutters. Theposition of the leg, whenplaced in the machine and ready to be acted upon by the cutters, isclearly shown in Fig. 14, Sheet 6. With its longitudinal motion the legis slightly rotated, which gives to the channels a spiral form, asstated, the leg turning once around while traversing once over thecutters longitudinally.

For the sake of appearance, I prefer to form transverse raised parts orbeads g Fig. 12, g

Sheet 3, near the respective ends of the member b of the leg, and ofsufficient size to preserve the proportion of the leg. These beads areof alarger diameter than the diameter of the leg through at the bottomsof the channels, and, being near the respective ends of the blank b thecutters are liable to cut into them as the said cutters come out of thecut at either end. To avoid this I have the machine constructed so. asto raise the leg up from the cutters as soon as a cut is finished. WhenIOC the cutters have completed one channel, the

leg, by means of suitable devices, is turned quickly forward one-sixthof a complete revolution to receive the next channel. As shown IIO inFig. 14, Sheet 6, the leg, when ready to be operated upon by thecutters, is held between a fixed tapering point or'center, c, anddriving spindle or center 0 in a manner similar to that in which itwould be held in an ordinary turning-lathe.

The parts and devices that enter into the make-up of this machine andnecessary to operate upon the leg, as variously set forth above, I willnow describe. I employ a strong iron ring, E,-Fig. 1 of Sheet 1, ofabout five feet diameter,sccured horizontally to the timbers ofasuitable frame, 0. (Clearly shownin Fig. 2, Sheet 2.) This ring forms abase for another similar ring, E, lying directly thereon, which latterring carries many of the essential parts of the machine, as hereinafterdescribed. The rings have a'mutual bearing at the upper outer corner ofthe base-ring, as shown in Fig. 13, the same being a cross-sectionon thedotted line 00 of Fig. 1, by means of which bearing the upper ring maybe turned horizontally around on the basering to any .as mea i spositionof adjustment desired. Clamping bolts h, passing through holes in theupper, ring and circular slots in the lower ring,

scrveto hold the rings securely together. The

rings and the saddles B B, above described,

carrying the arbors of the cutter-heads, are relatively so placed uponthe timbers of the frame that the cutter-headsff' shall be at the cen-.ter of the rings, with their upper peripheries two or threeinches abovethe plane of the upper surface of the upper ring.

A stifi' vertical iron frame,G, (appearing in perspective in Fig. 2,) isrigidly secured by ing, I, at the center thereof, and is furtherprovided on its front face with the horizontal ribs or ledges n an" if,the last of which is dovetailed on its lower surface, as shown. Adovetailed strip, in, is secured to the frame G upon the rib M, which,together with the rib it, forms a parallel V-slide for a carriage, K,Sheets 4 and 6, which is constructed to slide longitudinally from end toend of the frame. Adj usting-screws (not shown) are employed to adjustthe strip m vertically in the usual manner, to compensate for the wearcaused by the sliding carriage K.

This carriage is provided near its ends with vertical V-slides 21, Fig.11, Sheet 5, within which a gate, L, is fitted to slide verticallythrough a short distance. by hangers k 70, secured thereto, providedwithrollers ii, resting on tracks 9' rupon the rib n of the frame. (SeeFig.15, Sheet 6.) l The tracks r T have each equal and similar raised partsr and r at their corresponding ends, up and down the inclines of whichthe rollers i I: roll as the gate is carried by the carriage forward andbackward along the slides of the frame, as above stated. The dottedposition of the carriage in Fig. 5 shows the same at its extremeleft'position, with the rollers of the hangers of the gate mounted uponthe raised parts 1* r of the tracks. In full lines the carriage is shownat its extreme right position, the rollers t i resting in this case onthe raised parts 1' 0' of the tracks, rolling upon which raised partsdraws the gate slightly up out of the carriage, as is the case when saidrollers roll upon the parts 1'' at the other ends of the tracks duringthe horizontal reciprocations of the carriage.

In Figs. 14 and 16, Sheet 6, N is a light hollow tray for holding theleg R while being channeled, secured in a horizontal position to theface of the gate L by suitable fastenings. ,This .tray is provided atoneend with the fixed center, 0, and at the other withthe driving-cen--ter 0", the lineof these centers being horizontal and exactly over thecenter of the cutter-- heads f f and ring E, and when the. gate is Thegate is held upraised by the rollers 02 amounting the parts 1" and r ofthe tracks 1', as above described, the holderN will carry the leg upaway from the cutters. An opening, h, in the bottom of the tray permitsthe cutters to act upon the sur face of the blank portion 1; of the leg.

1), Figs. 14 and 15, is a suitable-hanger, secured vertically to thefaceof the gate L, for the purpose of holding a vertical shaft, Thishanger is provided with journal-boxes t t, the former of which hasbearing directly upon theshaftp, while the latter h'olds asleeve, twithin which the shaft has bearing. Relaitive endwise motion of theshaft and sleeve is prevented by the respective ordinary collars t andt, secured thereto. At its lower end the shaft 1) is' provided witha-miter-gear, a, which engages a similar gear, it, provided with asleeve, 10 the latter fitted to turn within thejournal box a of the trayor holder N. The driving-center c is fitted to slide longitudinallyWithin the sleeve a on an ordinary spline, (not shown,)' by means of.which the gear a and center a must rotate together; but the latter inayslide endwise freely within said gear and sleeve. By the constructionjust described it will be understood that,

.if the shaft 19 be rotated from any cause the leg R will becorrespondingly rotated within the tray.

The sleeve t forms one and the same piece with a pinion, p and circulardial-boX,..p (seeFig. 8, Sheet 4,) which piece turns freely upon theshaft p. A dial, 0*, Sheet 6, is fitted to turn freely within the hollowof the dialbox and rigidly secured to the shaft 19, turning with it. Thedial box has an openingm, formed in its outer edge, and the dial hascorresponding openings or notches, 7), formed at regular intervalsaround its periphery. If a notch of the dial be brought to meet theopeningo of the dial-box and a body filling the two be inserted therein,the dial and dial-box will be thereby locked together, on account ofwhich the pinion, shaft, driving-center c and other parts will eitherstand or rotate together, as the case may be. A rack, It, lies upon theupper rib, a, of the frame G *in position to engage the pinion p", andwhen the carriage K is reciprocated, as above stated, the pinion will berotated in one direction or the other and cause the leg R to rotate ornot, according to whether the dial and dial-box are locked together, asabove stated. The carriage K, with the gate and other parts attached, ismoved forward and backward along the vertical frame by avibratingar1n,with internal gear and pinion, moving in rear "of the frame G.'(Shown in Sheet 5.) O is the said vibrating arm, connected at its smallend to the carriage by means of a stud, (1", projecting from the rearsurface of the carriage back through the opening I in the frame. At

the other end this arm is made broad, and

'of the latter is presented.

traverse the pinion, giving to the arm a longitudinal reciprocal motion.The pinion O is securedat the end of a short horizontal shaft, k (seeSheets 1 and 4), resting in the bearings of a stand, 0 bolted to thefoot F of the frame, said stand being shown in dotted lines in Figs. 9and 11. A channel, 6 having parallel sides and circular ends formed inthe vibrating arm 0, within the line of cogs of the gears O, andparallel therewith, traverses a reduced part, c", of the shaft Sheet 1,projecting beyond the pinion as the arm is carried around, which servesto keep the teeth of the gear and pinion at all times in cog. Motion iscommunicated to the shaft 76 from a friction-disk, P, Sheets l and 2,acted upon by a nor-posts L L L L" of the frame 0. A belt,

R, running upon the pulley R from some suitable source, gives motion tothe shaft 1?. The disk 1? is secured at the upper end of a verticalshaft, (1 rotating in journal-boxes G G of a hanger, G", secured at thetop of the frame G. The foot of this shaft rests in a step, G and theboxes G and step are held by the hanger G sufficiently far from the faceof the frame to allow the gate, with its hangers k, to pass back of thesame, as indicated.

A worm, T, Sheet 4, is secured. to the shaft d", the threads of whichengage theteeth of a worm-gear, T, secured to a shaft, T the latterresting horizontally in journal-boxes of a saddle, T secured across theupper edge of the frame G. At its opposite end the shaft T is providedwitha gear, T, which connects with the gear B of the shaft k to rotatethe latter. Thus it will be seen that the frictiondriver P furnishespower to all of the automatically-moving parts of the machine except thecutters, and that by means of said driver and the intermediate gearingthe leg R is carried longitudinally forward andbackward over thecutters, or fed against the same, and at the same time caused to rotate.This compound motion of the leg gives to the channels a spiral form, asshown. When one channel has been formed upon the leg, the latter isturned forward or shifted to receive the next channel by means of ashifter, N, Sheets 4 and 6, which shifter consists of the dial-box p anddial p, already described, a locking-latch, Z, and other combined parts.A circular cap, w, is secured to the upper side of the dial-box coveringthe dial. This cap is provided at its outer edge with avertically-projecting part, 10, .to which the latch Z is pivoted at w inposition to have its lower end enter the opening 1) of the dialbox, andalso a notch o of the dial when one A spring, w, having-itsends bearing,respectively, against the latch above the pivot and a raised portion,to, of the cap, tends, by expansion, to force the lower end of the saidlatch into the notches '0 whenever either one is brought to correspondto the openings 0 of the box. When the latch occupies the notch 12, thedial and dial-box are mutually locked, as above stated, and must rotatetogether; but should the latch be lifted from a notch o and the dial-boxturned to allow said latch to occupy another notch, the leg R will becaused to turn an equal distance upon its centers, (the gears u and abeing. equal.) The latch is thrown out of a notch 72 at each end ofevery cut by means of trips 6 e, one of which being encountered,

by the latch as it arrives thereat. The trips are held in position bysimple adjustable brackets or vertical arms J reaching from the back ofthe frame G. The number of notches in the dial determines and is equalto the number of channels cut on the leg, and during the time thecutters are operating the latch occupies a notch of the dial and thepinion p is rolling regularly along the rack. As above stated, I preferto form six channels in the leg, and have therefore six notches in thedial, and to shift the latch from one notch to the next it is evidentthe pinion 'must roll along the rack to the amount of at least onesixthof a complete revolution after the cutters have ceased cutting at eitherend of a channel. This makes the travel of the carriage greater than isdesirable, and I provide means to avoid it. This is done by acceleratingthe rotation of the pinion at each end of the cut by sliding the rack 70endwise for a short distance in an opposite direction from that in whichthe carriage is moving at the time. The rack is not held rigidly to theframe, but rests in bearings within which it may be slid longitudinally,which is done by the following means: A plate, U, Sheets 4 and 5, issecured rigidly to the back surface of the carriage K, formed with abend or parallel offset part, U extending back through the opening I inthe frame G. This part U is divided,so as to make room for the vibratingarm 0-, the sidesg of the divided part projecting slightly beyond theback surface of said arm. A channel-plate, U, is secured to the parts 9leaving space 9 Fig. 7, back of it for the vibrating arm to move freely.It is to be borne in mind that the plate U and channel-plate U arecarried forward and back with the carriage and vibrating arm, the bentpart U of the plate U moving along in the space I of the frame G as thecarriage reciprocates. The channel plate is formed with a horizontalchannel, 6 having one end, 6 turned abruptly upward and the other end,0, turned abruptly downward. A bell-crank, V, having a horizontal andvertical arm, is pivoted at Z to a standard, V, bolted to the frame G,said bell-crank being hung in such a position that it shall move in avertical plane,with its horizontal arm parallel with the channel-platein front of the channel 0 the pivot-point Z being about on a line withthe horizontal part of the channel 6 The horizontal arm of thebell-crank is supplied at its extreme end with a roller, a turning on ahorizontal stud of the arm, in position'to traverse the channel e as thechannel-plate is reciprocated. At its upper end thebell-crank isconnected to the rear side of the rack 70 by Now, while the roller a istraversing the horizontal part of the channel no 'motion of. the rackwill 00- our; but when said roller enters 'either i the upmeans of alink, 0, and stud 0.

inthe opposite direction from thatin which the carriage is moving. Thisgives to the pinion p a temporary accelerated rotation one way and theother for thepurpose of shifting the latch I quickly from one notch inthe dial to another, as above stated, during a comparatively shorttravel of the carriage, which is de sired. To follow the movements ofthe parts more closely, when the carriage K is approaching the end ofits motion in the direction indicated by arrow elf-that is, to itsright-hand position when viewed from in front-and the roller (1 ismoving downward inthe bend e in the channel, the rack will move in theopposite direotioi'i and accelerate for a brief interval the motion ofthe pinion and the leg, the former in the direction indicated by arrow sFig. 17, and the latter in the direction indicated by arrow 8 in Fig.14. When the carriage commences to return in the direction indicated byarrow w, the roller will move up the bend e and briefly accelerate themotion of the pinion in the opposite direction. The

cutters operateonly when .the roller is moving along the horizontal partof the channel, holding the rack motionless. When a leg is put in themachine, the carriage is about at its extreme right-hand position, asshown in Fig. 14, the cutters beginning to operate in each case at thesmall end of the leg. Now, if in viewing said figure, as a matter ofconvenience it be supposed that the leg has passed over the cutters andreturned, the cutters justemerging fromthe channel, and the carriagecontinuing its motion, then the operations oflthe bell-crank, rack,pinion, &c., just above described, are about to commence. Theaccelerated motion given the pinion 'by the roller moving down the benda turns the dial-box and dial rapidly in the direction indicated byarrow s a little more than one-sixth around, turning the leg alsoacorresponding distance in the direction pointed by arrow .9, bringingit about in position to receive the next channel. At this juncture thelatch Z is thrown out of the notch of the dial by encountering the trip0, and when the carriage returns, the roller, moving up the bend 6causes thedialbox to reverse its motion quickly, but without moving thedial, thelatter, with the leg, re

maining stationary until the latch reaches and drops into anothernotchof the dial and again controls the rotarymotion of the leg in time toreceive the cutters fora new channel. The intermittent motion of thedial from the shifting of the latch is in the direction indicated byarrow 8, and that of the leg in the direction pointed by arrow 8. Therate of the accelerated motion of the pinion depends upon the angle ofthe bends e and e. i i i The operation of the shifter is the same atboth ends of the out. In order to do the shifting at the ends of thecuts, it is necessary for the carriage tomove such a distance along theframe after the cutting has ceased that the beads g and g of the leg arecarried over the cutters and liable to be marred. To make said beads sosmall as to clear the cutters, or to place them so far away from theends of the blank b as not to be reached by thecutters before theshifting is done, would destroy the symmetry of the legand much injureits appearance. I give to them each such a diameter as will. preservethe form'of the leg and save them from beingmarred by the cuttersbyraising the gate L, as above described. By referring to Fig. 20,

Sheet 3, it will be seen that the crown of the it may be turned one wayor the othertomove the center 0 longitudinally toward or from the leg. Apin, i is caused to pass longitudinally through the substance of thesleeve-nut and entera hole in the end of the gear a, to lock saidsleeve-nut and gear together during the operation of the cutters uponthe leg. When both turn together, no longitudinal motion of the centerwithin the sleeve can take place. 7 .l

A pair of parallel rollers, .5 are caused to rest longitudinally andbear down upon the leg when in the machine, to counteract the upwardpressure against the leg, due to the action of the cutters. Theserollers are held ina hanger, s, secured to'a slide, 8 which latter isfitted to slide vertically within V-ways sf", upon the face of the gate.Asimple lever, s pivoted to the gate, enables the attendant to operatethe rollers at pleasure. The hanger is held to the slide 8 by means ofapivot-bolt, s uponuwhich it may freely turn to allow the rollerstoadjust themselves to the taper of the leg.

It will be understood that the rate of speed of the disk 1?, Sheets 1and 2, andconsequently that of the parts driven thereby, may beincreased or diminished by causing the frictiondriver 1? to act at apoint nearer to or farther .ing at a uniform rate.

from the center of said disk, the shaft P mov- For the purpose ofvarying the speed, the driver P is provided with a longhub and fitted toslide freely on a spline upon the shaft. A clutch, h, spanning .the huband acting upon pins projecting therefrom, is provided, the rear part ofwhich is formed into a toothed rack, h and secured to a Sliding bar, h,fitted to slide in bearings upon an upper timber, K, of the frame 0. Alever k pivoted at a to a bracket, h, se-v cured to the timberK, isformed with a concentric toothed segment, a, adapted to act upon therack, as shown. A concentric notchedarc, a under the lever assists tohold I the latter in positions of adjustment, a simple catch upon theunder surface of the lever (not shown) being fitted to enter the notchesof the are.

All the moving parts of the machine driven by the driver P have to bestopped when a leg is to be taken out of or inserted in the machine.This is quickly and conveniently accomplished by simply lifting thedriver off .the disk P. For this purpose the arch P is constructed toslightly tilt on the frame-tint bers, as indicated by dotted lines,carrying the shaft P and driver with it. The arch at the right-hand end,as appearing in Fig. 2, rests within jaws If of a vertical rod, 11fitted to slide vertically through the cross-timbers I I of the frame 0.(Shown clearly in Fig. 3.) A

' sliding piece or lifter, b", is fitted in mortises through the posts Land If of the frame, to slide horizontally therein, a simple lever, bbeing connected to the said lifter to operate the same. The lifter isfurther supported by a bar, d, fixed in said posts, which may beseparated from the lifter by friction-rollers. The lifter has a raisedpart, d upon its upper edge, and the rod b is supplied at its lower endwith a roller, d, arranged to roll on the edge of the lifter when thelatter is moved endwise by the lever. WVhen the lifter is moved in adirection to bring the part d un-' der the roller, the latter will rollup the incline and raise the arch a short distance, sufficient to raisethe driver P off the disk P, for the purpose above stated, withoutstopping the shaft P. A spiral spring, a on the rod, tending to expandbetween the cross-timber I and an adjustable collar, 0*, of the rod,acts with the weight of the arch to hold the driver P firmly against thesurface of the disk P while the machine is operating. After the driver Phas been raised from the disk P, as above stated, the momentum of themoving parts tend to carry them on for a short distance. To prevent thisand to cause the parts to stop immediately upon raising the driver, Iemploy a simple automatic brake, g, to press upon the surface of thedisk as soon as the driver is raised therefrom. This brake is in theform of a lever pivoted at g to the timber K- of the frame. The fartherend of the lever is connected by means of a rod, to the arch near theend at which the latter is lifted, the

lifting of which causes the short end of the lever to press down uponthe disk, as will be readily understood from inspecting Fig. 2. Theshort end of the lever,where it rests upon the disk, is made .broad andfaced with leather or other suitable substance. When the arch is broughtdown, the brake will in consequence be raised from the disk.

. In operating the machine, the attendant stands at the point indicatedby Y in Fig. 1,

the operating-handles all being brought in convenient reach therefrom.Therollers it of the gate roll along the straight horizontal parts ofthe tracks r 1* during the time the cutters are acting on the leg. Theraising of the gate takes place immediately after the cutters ceasecutting at either end of the blank, and the lowering of the gate ceasesjust before the cutters strike into the timber at the commencement of acut. The raising and lowering of the gate take place simultaneously withthe moving of the rack and shifting of the leg.

It is not new in wood-working machinery to employ independent cutter-heads operating simultaneously on the same piece of work and rotatingin' contrary directions; nor is it new in such machinery to seasonablyraise the work out of reach of the cutters by automatic means, or toautomatically turn the work on its 'centers while being carriedlongitudinally against the cutters for the purpose of giving it a spiralform. Such features of construction and operation I do not claim,broadly.

I claim as my invention 1. In a machine for forming spiral channels intable-legs and similar work, a cutter-head composed of two disks severedby a plane transverse to the axis of motion of the head, said disksbeing each provided with knives and turning in opposite directions onsuitable shafts, and co-operating to complete, simultaneously, a channelin the work, substantially as set forth and shown.

2. In a machine for forming spiral channels in a table-leg, acutter-head composed of two disks severed by a plane transverse to theaxis of motion of the head, said disks being each provided with knivesand turning in opposite directions on suitable shafts, and co-operatingI to complete, simultaneously, a channel in the work, with automaticmeans to turn-the work on its centers while being acted upon by theknives, substantially as specified.

3. In a machine'for forming spiral channels in a table-leg and similarwork, a cutter-head composed of two disks severed by a plane transverseto the axis of motion of the head, said disks being each provided withknives, and turning in opposite directions on suitable shafts, andco-operating to' complete, simultaneously, a channel in the work, withautomatic means to shift the work at the end of each cut into positionto receive a new chan nel, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, in a table-leg-channel ing machine, of a slidingcarriage carrying a holder and driving-center for the work, and a shaftconnected with the driving-center by means of suitable gearing, saidshaft being provided with a pinion working against a movable rack, withmeans to give the latter intermittent' motion in a direction contrary tothat in which .the carriage is moving, substantially [as and for thepurpose set forth.

5. In a machine for forming spiral channels r in a table-leg, thevertical shaft secured to a ing machine, of a driving-center for thework,

provided with an externally-fitting sleeve, the

. latter .fitted to turn within a journal-box of the sliding frame orcarriage, said drivingcenter having a reduced part or stem provided witha screw-thread, and a screw-nut for the stem, fitted to turn in abearing attached to l said sliding carriage, in line with the saidjourna1-box, by means of which said driving-center may be given endwiseor longitudinal motion, and means to lock said sleeve andnut together soboth shall turn together, and means for operating them, substantially asshown and set forth. Y

7. In atable-leg-channeling machine, the vertical shaft 19, with dial psecured thereto, and sleeve fitted to turn upon said shaft, and provided with a pinion, p and dial-box p inclosing said dial, incombination with'rack k, to

turn the pinion, and means to locksaid dial and dial-box, so that bothshall move together, substantially as describedand shown.

p 8. In a table legwchanneling machine, the combination of a tiltingarch or part carrying. a driving-shaft provided witha friction-driver,

and a friction-disk secured to a vertical shaft held to the frame of themachine, and provided witha worm engaging the teeth of a gear secured toa horizontal shaft held by the frame, and connectedv by means ofsuitable gearing with the vibrating arm attached to and moving thesliding carriage carrying the leg to be channeled, with means to tiltthe arch, substantially as and for the purpose'set forth.

9. In a table-legchanneling machine, the

combination, with frame-timbers and tilting.

.; secured to a horizontal shaft of the frame, and

connected by suitable gearing with the sliding carriage carrying thework, with means to adjust the friction-driver longitudinally upon theshaft for the purpose of regulating the speed of the disk, substantiallyas described.-

10. In a machine for forming spiral channels in table-legs, thecombination of a cutter head composed of two disks severed by a planetransverse to the axis of motion of the head, said disks being eachprovided w th knives and turning in opposite directions, wlth abase-ring secured to the frame-timbers and an upper ring restingadjustably on the basering, the upper ring supporting a rigid verticalframe upon which the sliding carriage reciprocates, carrying the tray orholder for the work and other parts, with means to secure said ringsrigidly together, by means of which adj ustability of the upper ring thespiral channels may be given different rates or degrees of twist,substantially as set forth and shown.

11. The combination, in a machine for forming spiral channels intable-legs,-'of a cutterhead composed of two disks severed by a planetransverse to the axis of motionof the head, said disks being providedwith cutters and rotated in opposite directions, witha basering securedto the frame-timbers and an up per ring resting adjustably on thebase-ring, the upper ring supporting a rigid vertical frame upon whichthe sliding carriage reciprocates, carrying the centers for holding thework in such position that the line of the centers shall'cross the axisof motion of the disks over the point at which said axis pierces theplane dividing said disks in all positions of adjustment of the saidupper ring, substantially as set forth and shown.

12. In a machine, for forming spiral channels in table-legs and similarwork, a cutter head composed of two disks severed by a plane transverseto the axis of motion of the head,

said disks being each-provided with cutters androtating in oppositedirections on suitable shafts, and co-operating to complete,simultaneously, a channel in the work, in combination with asuitableholder for the work and means .groove in the work, in combination with aholder for the work and an automatic reciprocating feed to carry thework against the cutters from either direction, and automatic meansto-adjust the work for a new channel,

so that a channel may be formed and completed each time the work iscarried by the cutters by said automatic feed, substantially as setforth and shown.

H. J. DURGIN.

Witnesses:

E. B. WHI'IMORE, A. M. Snnnwoon.

